Proyecto de rehabilitación y cambio de uso de viviendas partiendo de proyecto básico en Camarasa

El siguiente Proyecto Final de Grado tiene el fin de realizar en su totalidad la rehabilitación y recuperación de las antiguas viviendas de los ingenieros que construyeron la presa hidroeléctrica de Camarasa, en la comarca catalana de la Noguera (Lleida), más concretamente DS AFORES, polígono 6, parcela 4. C/isla, sin perder ni un ápice, del estilo arquitectónico de las mismas ni del conjunto de construcciones auxiliares. La construcción de las viviendas simboliza la riqueza y repercusión que supuso en el paso la construcción de la presa en la localidad de Camarasa. Su principal causa de construcción del campamento de viviendas fue debida a la buena situación geográfica del entorno, antes de la unión de los principales ríos de la comarca como el Noguera-Pallares y el Segre, que lograron atraer el interés de los inversores para la realización de embalsamiento en los años 20 del S.XX. La compañía que llevó a cabo el ambicioso proyecto fue la conocida popularmente por La Canadiense. Cuando fue construida la presa fue la más alta de Europa (102 metros), con un grueso de base de 76 metros. Se extiende a lo largo de más de veinte quilómetros. Es un lugar ideal para realizar actividades acuáticas en aguas tranquilas, como excursiones, piragüismo o cayacs. Se ha considerado conveniente contextualizar la realidad de la zona, con tal de entender mejor la evolución de la zona. El complejo está protegido por el Pla d’Espais d’Interés Natural de Catalunya, como área protegida y preservar así el patrimonio histórico y arquitectónico. Además, forma parte de la Xarxa Natura 2000. Señalar que se ha realizado un estudio previo dentro de las edificaciones, tomando las cotas topográficas oportunas, las mediciones y fotografías necesarias para la realización del levantamiento topográfico y constructivo de planos de viviendas, del terreno y de pequeñas construcciones auxiliares. También ha sido necesario la realización de catas y la observación visual de los desprendimientos existentes para detectar las patologías y realizar con satisfacción las lesiones existentes. El estudio del estado de reforma se ha realizado siguiendo los criterios de ahorro energético y sostenibilidad y respetando la normativa local sobre la protección del patrimonio. Se ha realizado un estudio exhaustivo justificativo de toda la normativa del código técnico de la edificación (CTE),y demás normativas de carácter local, autonómico y estatal, con tal de adaptar la rehabilitación de las edificaciones y el recinto a la normativa vigente. Se ha dado una utilidad a todos los espacios existentes, y también se ha tenido en cuenta la accesibilidad de las personas de movilidad reducida. En todo momento se ha querido preservar por completo el aspecto estético de las edificaciones y pequeñas construcciones auxiliares, sin alterar el entorno y el medioambiente. Las instalaciones existentes se substituirán por materiales actualidad, más eficaces, eficientes y respetuosos con el medioambiente, adaptándolos a las energías renovables. La intención del proyecto es que en un futuro se considere este modelo de idea de recuperación y sostenibilidad en su conjunto, dando vida a un pasado de gran importancia para la localidad de Camarasa. Cabe mencionar la amabilidad del propietario actual del complejo, Fincas Cos, el cual nos ha facilitados los medios de acceso y la información necesaria, para poder realizar el proyecto. También mencionar la ayuda prestada al técnico municipal de Camarasa, Josep Mª Profitós, por la aportación de las fichas de las viviendas que vienen incluidas en el catálogo de masias y casas rurales de la localidad de Camarasa. Agradecer al ayuntamiento de la localidad, por el asesoramiento histórico de la comarca y del vínculo existente entre las viviendas del campamento con la construcción de la que fue, la presa y la central hidroeléctrica más importante del país durante muchos años. La disponibilidad de medios y asesoramiento del centro también ha sido fundamental, para la realización adecuada de la topografía in situ del terreno

Modelo de negocio para la creación de una empresa de gestión de riesgos de responsabilidad civil para empresas en Colombia

Es un servicio de consultoría enfocado en la gestión del riesgo de incurrir en siniestros de responsabilidad civil. Se realiza por medio por medio de inspecciones en campo, en las que se determina el nivel de impacto y la posibilidad de ocurrencia. Para diseñar un plan de mejora del riesgo, soportado en recomendaciones a nivel industrial.Is a Consulting Service focused on risk management of incurring civil liability claims. It is carried out by means of field inspections, in which the level of impact and the possibility of occurrence are determined. To design a risk improvement plan, supported by recommendations at the industrial level.Ingeniero (a) IndustrialPregrad

An Intelligent and Collaborative Multiagent System in a 3D Environment

[Abstract] Multiagent systems (MASs) allow facing complex, heterogeneous, distributed problems difficult to solve by only one software agent. The world of video games provides problems and suitable environments for the use of MAS. In the field of games, Unity is one of the most used engines and allows the development of intelligent agents in virtual environments. However, although Unity allows working in multiagent environments, it does not provide functionalities to facilitate the development of MAS. The aim of this work is to create a multiagent system in Unity. For this purpose, a predator–prey problem was designed in which the agents must cooperate to arrest a thief driven by a human player. To solve this cooperative problem, it is required to create the representation of the environment and the agents in 3D; to equip the agents with vision, contact, and sound sensors to perceive the environment; to implement the agents’ behaviors; and, finally but not less important, to build a communication system between agents that allows negotiation, collaboration, and cooperation between them to create a complex, role-based chasing strategy.Xunta de Galicia; ED431C 2018/34Xunta de Galicia; ED431G/0

Diseño de propuesta de mejoramiento para los procesos de justicia del juzgado administrativo #8 de descongestión de Bogotá a través de herramientas Lean

Ingeniero (a) IndustrialPregrad

Lignocellulose Nanofibre Obtained from Agricultural Wastes of Tomato, Pepper and Eggplants Improves the Performance of Films of Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA) for Food Packaging

Films formulated with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) (synthetic biopolymer) were reinforced with lignocellulose nanofibres (LCNF) from residues of vegetable production (natural biopolymer). The LCNF were obtained by mechanical and chemical pre-treatment by 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl radical (TEMPO) and added to the polyvinyl alcohol (polymer matrix) with the aim of improving the properties of the film for use in food packaging. The mechanical properties, crystallinity, thermal resistance, chemical structure, antioxidant activity, water barrier properties and optical properties (transparency and UV barrier), were evaluated. In general, with the addition of LCNF, an improvement in the studied properties of the films was observed. In terms of mechanical properties, the films reinforced with 7% LCNF TEMPO showed the best results for tensile strength, Young’s modulus and elongation at break. At the same LCNF proportion, the thermal stability (Tmax) increased between 5.5% and 10.8%, and the antioxidant activity increased between 90.9% and 191.8%, depending on the raw material and the pre-treatment used to obtain the different LCNF. Finally, a large increase in UV blocking was also observed with the addition of 7% LCNF. In particular, the films with 7% of eggplant LCNF showed higher performance for Young’s modulus, elongation at break, thermal stability and UV barrier. Overall, results demonstrated that the use of LCNF generated from agricultural residues represents a suitable bioeconomy approach able to enhance film properties for its application in the development of more sustainable and eco-friendly food packaging systems

Manejo exitoso de perforación gástrica secundaria a plicatura de curvatura mayor laparoscópica con gastrostomía endoscópica percutánea con avance yeyunal y sellador de fibrina

ResumenUna de las complicaciones más frecuentes de los procedimientos bariátricos es la fuga gástrica, ya sea debido a dehiscencia de línea de grapado o por perforación gástrica. Estas varían dependiendo del tipo de cirugía, reportándose del 2.05-5.2% en bypass gástrico en Y de Roux, el 5.1% en manga gástrica y el 1.4% en plicatura gástrica. Actualmente, se recomienda manejo de mínima invasión con lo cual se disminuye morbilidad. Presentamos un caso clínico de perforación secundario a plicatura gástrica con exitoso manejo endoscópico.AbstractGastric leak, caused by staple line disruption or gastric perforation, is one of the most dreaded complications following bariatric surgery. The reported incidence of leakage varies depending on type of surgery, from 2.05% to 5.20% for Roux-en-Y gastric bypass, 5.1% in sleeve gastrectomy, and 1.4% in gastric plication. Minimally invasive management is currently recommended to minimise morbidity. The case is presented of a patient who suffered a gastric perforation following a laparoscopic greater curvature plication, with successful endoscopic management

Horticultural Plant Residues as New Source for Lignocellulose Nanofibers Isolation: Application on the Recycling Paperboard Process

Horticultural plant residues (tomato, pepper, and eggplant) were identified as new sources for lignocellulose nanofibers (LCNF). Cellulosic pulp was obtained from the different plant residues using an environmentally friendly process, energy-sustainable, simple, and with low-chemical reagent consumption. The chemical composition of the obtained pulps was analyzed in order to study its influence in the nanofibrillation process. Cellulosic fibers were subjected to two different pretreatments, mechanical and TEMPO(2,2,6,6-Tetramethyl-piperidin-1-oxyl)-mediated oxidation, followed by high-pressure homogenization to produce different lignocellulose nanofibers. Then, LCNF were deeply characterized in terms of nanofibrillation yield, cationic demand, carboxyl content, morphology, crystallinity, and thermal stability. The suitability of each raw material to produce lignocellulose nanofibers was analyzed from the point of view of each pretreatment. TEMPO-mediated oxidation was identified as a more effective pretreatment to produce LCNF, however, it produces a decrease in the thermal stability of the LCNF. The different LCNF were added as reinforcing agent on recycled paperboard and compared with the improving produced by the industrial mechanical beating. The analysis of the papersheets’ mechanical properties shows that the addition of LCNF as a reinforcing agent in the paperboard recycling process is a viable alternative to mechanical beating, achieving greater reinforcing effect and increasing the products’ life cycles

Libyostrongylus douglasii en la producción de avestruces

Nuestro objetivo es aportar datos de interés clínico específicos de estas aves de producción alternativa. De entre las diferentes patologías habituales en cría de avestruces nos hemos centrado en las parasitosis internas. Nos llamó la atención una parasitosis en particular, por ser la única enfermedad transmisible específica, conocida, del avestruz: el Libyostrongylus douglasii (vulgarmente llamado gusano alambre). Es un nematodo gastrointestinal muy presente en las granjas de avestruces y que produce grandes pérdidas económicas, dado que origina la muerte del 40 al 50% de los juveniles infestados y también ocasionalmente en adultos

Genetic markers associated with bone composition in Rhode Island Red laying hens

Background Bone damage has welfare and economic impacts on modern commercial poultry and is known as one of the major challenges in the poultry industry. Bone damage is particularly common in laying hens and is probably due to the physiological link between bone and the egg laying process. Previous studies identified and validated quantitative trait loci (QTL) for bone strength in White Leghorn laying hens based on several measurements, including bone composition measurements on the cortex and medulla of the tibia bone. In a previous pedigree-based analysis, bone composition measurements showed heritabilities ranging from 0.18 to 0.41 and moderate to strong genetic correlations with tibia strength and density. Bone composition was measured using infrared spectroscopy and thermogravimetry. The aim of this study was to combine these bone composition measurements with genotyping data via a genome-wide association study (GWAS) to investigate genetic markers that contribute to genetic variance in bone composition in Rhode Island Red laying hens. In addition, we investigated the genetic correlations between bone composition and bone strength. Results We found novel genetic markers that are significantly associated with cortical lipid, cortical mineral scattering, medullary organic matter, and medullary mineralization. Composition of the bone organic matter showed more significant associations than bone mineral composition. We also found interesting overlaps between the GWAS results for tibia composition traits, particularly for cortical lipid and tibia strength. Bone composition measurements by infrared spectroscopy showed more significant associations than thermogravimetry measurements. Based on the results of infrared spectroscopy, cortical lipid showed the highest genetic correlations with tibia density, which was negative (− 0.20 ± 0.04), followed by cortical CO3/PO4 (0.18 ± 0.04). Based on the results of thermogravimetry, medullary organic matter% and mineral% showed the highest genetic correlations with tibia density (− 0.25 ± 0.04 and 0.25 ± 0.04, respectively). Conclusions This study detected novel genetic associations for bone composition traits, particularly those involving organic matter, that could be used as a basis for further molecular genetic investigations. Tibia cortical lipids displayed the strongest genetic associations of all the composition measurements, including a significantly high genetic correlation with tibia density and strength. Our results also highlighted that cortical lipid may be a key measurement for further avian bone studies.Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences.ERANET Grant to ICD (BBSRC BB/ M028291/1)Svenska Forskningsrådet Formas, 2014-01840(Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria, 291815Svenska Forskningsrådet Formas (2019-02116 and 2016-01386)The COST Action CA15224 Keel Bone Damag

Prolonged quiescence delays somatic stem cell-like divisions in Caenorhabditis elegans and is controlled by insulin signaling

Cells can enter quiescence in adverse conditions and resume proliferation when the environment becomes favorable. Prolonged quiescence comes with a cost, reducing the subsequent speed and potential to return to proliferation. Here, we show that a similar process happens during Caenorhabditis elegans development, providing an in vivo model to study proliferative capacity after quiescence. Hatching under starvation provokes the arrest of blast cell divisions that normally take place during the first larval stage (L1). We have used a novel method to precisely quantify each stage of postembryonic development to analyze the consequences of prolonged L1 quiescence. We report that prolonged L1 quiescence delays the reactivation of blast cell divisions in C. elegans, leading to a delay in the initiation of postembryonic development. The transcription factor DAF‐16/FOXO is necessary for rapid recovery after extended arrest, and this effect is independent from its role as a suppressor of cell proliferation. Instead, the activation of DAF‐16 by decreased insulin signaling reduces the rate of L1 aging, increasing proliferative potential. We also show that yolk provisioning affects the proliferative potential after L1 arrest modulating the rate of L1 aging, providing a possible mechanistic link between insulin signaling and the maintenance of proliferative potential. Furthermore, variable yolk provisioning in embryos is one of the sources of interindividual variability in recovery after quiescence of genetically identical animals. Our results support the relevance of L1 arrest as an in vivo model to study stem cell‐like aging and the mechanisms for maintenance of proliferation potential after quiescence.Spanish Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (BFU2016-74949-P and BFU2012- 35509)European Research Council (ERC-2011-StG-281691)Marie-Curie Intra-European Fellowship (FP7-PEOPLE-2013- IEF/GA Nr: 627263